What networks are Layer 1 (L1) or Layer 2 (L2)

Layer 1 (L1) networks, like Bitcoin and Ethereum, form the base layer of blockchain technology, providing security and decentralization. Layer 2 (L2) networks, such as Polygon and Optimism, are built on top of L1s to enhance scalability and reduce transaction costs. This guide explores the key differences and popular examples of L1 and L2 networks.